Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain. Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB is transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. There are two main types of TB: latent TB, where the bacteria remain inactive without causing symptoms or being contagious, and active TB, where the bacteria multiply and cause symptoms such as a persistent cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, night sweats, weight loss, and fever.

Diagnosis involves chest X-rays, sputum tests, and skin or blood tests. Treatment typically requires a prolonged course of antibiotics, such as isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, for 6 to 9 months, though drug-resistant TB may require more complex therapy. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent transmission.

Dr. Vaibhav R. Kubal, a specialist in respiratory diseases, provides expert care in diagnosing and managing TB, ensuring effective treatment and improved patient outcomes.